It is the greatest inevitability of life - aging. Have you ever wondered what happens within your body, that leads to its gradual decline in function and ultimately #aging? The longer we live, the more likely we are to develop age-related diseases; including cancer. In recent years, #science has taken big steps in understanding the biology of aging. Scientists have discovered nine biological hallmarks that contribute to the aging process. Here's how it works. More videos coming soon. Please rate☝️, comment👇, and subscribe☝️ if you like them, so that I can make more! Please send through requests for topics to cover as well. What do you want to learn about? #scienceinmotion   Check out other socials: TikTok - https://www.tiktok.com/@scienceinmotion Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/scienceinmotiongram/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/ScienceMotioner Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Science-in-Motion-114470440455167 Website - https://scienceinmotion.wixsite.com/scienceinmotion Music thanks to:   Music by Adam Vitovský DOWNLOAD LINK: https://www.adamvitovsky.com/one-story Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0   Images thanks to:   Servier Medical Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.   Some images designed by Freepik/vectorpouch/pch.vector/vectorpocket . Available from: www.freepik.com Some images adapted from BioRender. Created with BioRender.com. Available from: https://biorender.com/ Some images designed by Pixabay, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Available from: https://pixabay.com/   Some images purchased from Shutterstock. Available from: https://www.shutterstock.com/ Some footage/images purchased from Storyblocks. Available from: https://www.storyblocks.com/ References: Efeyan A, Comb WC, Sabatini DM. Nutrient-sensing mechanisms and pathways. Nature. 2015;517(7534):302-10. López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G. The hallmarks of aging. Cell. 2013;153(6):1194-217. Hoeijmakers JHJ. DNA Damage, Aging, and Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009;361(15):1475-85. Jackson SP, Bartek J. The DNA-damage response in human biology and disease. Nature. 2009;461(7267):1071-8. Pan MR, Li K, Lin SY, Hung WC. Connecting the Dots: From DNA Damage and Repair to Aging. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(5). Yu M, Hazelton WD, Luebeck GE, Grady WM. Epigenetic Aging: More Than Just a Clock When It Comes to Cancer. Cancer Res. 2020;80(3):367-74. Fane M, Weeraratna AT. How the ageing microenvironment influences tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20(2):89-106. Calcinotto A, Kohli J, Zagato E, Pellegrini L, Demaria M, Alimonti A. Cellular Senescence: Aging, Cancer, and Injury. Physiol Rev. 2019;99(2):1047-78. Sadighi Akha AA. Aging and the immune system: An overview. J Immunol Methods. 2018;463:21-6. Saretzki G. Telomeres, Telomerase and Ageing. Subcell Biochem. 2018;90:221-308. Herrmann M, Pusceddu I, März W, Herrmann W. Telomere biology and age-related diseases. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2018;56(8):1210-22. Whitehall JC, Greaves LC. Aberrant mitochondrial function in ageing and cancer. Biogerontology. 2020;21(4):445-59. Colloca G, Di Capua B, Bellieni A, Fusco D, Ciciarello F, Tagliaferri L, et al. Biological and Functional Biomarkers of Aging: Definition, Characteristics, and How They Can Impact Everyday Cancer Treatment. Current Oncology Reports. 2020;22(11):115. Laconi E, Marongiu F, DeGregori J. Cancer as a disease of old age: changing mutational and microenvironmental landscapes. British Journal of Cancer. 2020;122(7):943-52. Guerville F, Barreto PdS, Ader I, Andrieu S, Casteilla L, Dray C, et al. Revisiting the Hallmarks of Aging to Identify Markers of Biological Age. The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease. 2019;7:56-64.

And the #NobelPrize2020 goes to…#CRISPR. Eight years after the discovery of this revolutionary technology, the field has made leaps and bounds in the application of this science. CRISPR is a pair of molecular scissors, that allows the precise editing of virtually any gene in the genome. Here's how it works. More videos coming soon. Please rate☝️, comment👇, and subscribe☝️ if you like them, so that I can make more! Please send through requests for topics to cover as well. What do you want to learn about? #scienceinmotion   Music thanks to:   Music by Adam Vitovský DOWNLOAD LINK: http://www.adamvitovsky.com/care Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0   Images thanks to:   Servier Medical Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License   Emmanuelle Charpentier & Jennifer Doudna. Adapted from WikiCommons. Available from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emmanuelle_Charpentier_and_Jennifer_Doudna.jpg Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0   Some images designed by Freepik/brgfx/Makyzz/vectorpouch/ upklyak. Available from: www.freepik.com Germline modification regulations. The Conversation. Available from: https://theconversation.com/a-case-against-a-moratorium-on-germline-gene-editing-113827 Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0 Some images adapted from BioRender. Created with BioRender.com.   References:   Alagoz M, Kherad N. Advance genome editing technologies in the treatment of human diseases: CRISPR therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2020;46(2):521-34. Jiang F, Doudna JA. CRISPR-Cas9 Structures and Mechanisms. Annu Rev Biophys. 2017 May 22;46:505-529. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-062215-010822. Epub 2017 Mar 30. PMID: 28375731. Uddin F, Rudin CM, Sen T. CRISPR Gene Therapy: Applications, Limitations, and Implications for the Future. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1387-.   Li H, Yang Y, Hong W, Huang M, Wu M, Zhao X. Applications of genome editing technology in the targeted therapy of human diseases: mechanisms, advances and prospects. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy. 2020;5(1):1.   Araki M, Ishii T. International regulatory landscape and integration of corrective genome editing into in vitro fertilization. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2014;12(1):108.   Hsu Patrick D, Lander Eric S, Zhang F. Development and Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome Engineering. Cell. 2014;157(6):1262-78.

How do masks work? This video explains the science behind the use of masks to slow the spread of COVID-19. More videos coming soon. Please rate☝️, comment👇, and subscribe☝️ if you like them, so that I can make more! Please send through requests for topics to cover as well. What do you want to learn about? #scienceinmotion #COVID19 #facemasks #coronavirus Music thanks to: Growing Up by Scott Buckley https://soundcloud.com/scottbuckley Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0 Free Download / Stream: https://bit.ly/_growing-up Music promoted by Audio Library https://youtu.be/eA6k0KEfuF8 Some images thanks to: Some images designed by pikisuperstar/ macrovector/ freepik: www.freepik.com "World Health Organisation logo" by WHO is licensed under CC BY 3.0 "Center for Disease Control and Prevention logo" by CDC is licensed under CC BY 3.0 Publications referenced: Chughtai AA, Seale H, Macintyre CR. Effectiveness of cloth masks for protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Emerg Infect Dis 2020 Oct [10 Aug 2020]. World Health Organization. (‎2020)‎. Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19: interim guidance, 5 June 2020. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/332293. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO Anfinrud P, Stadnytskyi V, Bax CE, Bax A. Visualizing Speech-Generated Oral Fluid Droplets with Laser Light Scattering. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382(21):2061-3. Bahl P, Bhattacharjee S, de Silva C, Chughtai AA, Doolan C, MacIntyre CR. Face coverings and mask to minimise droplet dispersion and aerosolisation: a video case study. Thorax. 2020:thoraxjnl-2020-215748. Furukawa N, Brooks J, Sobel J. Evidence Supporting Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 While Presymptomatic or Asymptomatic. Emerging Infectious Disease journal. 2020;26(7). Leung NHL, Chu DKW, Shiu EYC, Chan K-H, McDevitt JJ, Hau BJP, et al. Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks. Nature Medicine. 2020;26(5):676-80. Oran, Daniel P., and Eric J. Topol. "Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review." Annals of Internal Medicine (2020). Chu, Derek K., et al. "Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis." The Lancet (2020). Cheng, Kar Keung, Tai Hing Lam, and Chi Chiu Leung. "Wearing face masks in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic: altruism and solidarity." The Lancet (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30918-1 Hendrix MJ, Walde C, Findley K, Trotman R. Absence of Apparent Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Two Stylists After Exposure at a Hair Salon with a Universal Face Covering Policy — Springfield, Missouri, May 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:930-932. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6928e2external icon. Leffler C, Ing E, Lykins J, Hogan M, McKeown C, Grzybowski A. Association of country-wide coronavirus mortality with demographics, testing, lockdowns, and public wearing of masks (Update June 15, 2020). 2020. Lyu W, Wehby GL. Community Use Of Face Masks And COVID-19: Evidence From A Natural Experiment Of State Mandates In The US. Health Affairs. 2020;39(8):1419-25. Schwartz KL, Murti M, Finkelstein M, Leis JA, Fitzgerald-Husek A, Bourns L, et al. Lack of COVID-19 transmission on an international flight. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2020;192(15):E410. Fischer EP, Fischer MC, Grass D, Henrion I, Warren WS, Westman E. Low-cost measurement of facemask efficacy for filtering expelled droplets during speech. Science Advances. 2020:eabd3083. Brosseau L & Ann B R. N95 Respirators and Surgical Masks, NIOSH Science Blog. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (14 Oct 2019). Available at: https://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2009/10/14/n95/

What is your research philosophy? This video explains the philosophical perspectives and underpinnings of research and why they are important for researchers, particularly in the Medical Sciences. More videos coming soon. Please rate☝️, comment👇, and subscribe☝️ if you like them, so that I can make more! Please send through requests for topics to cover as well. What do you want to learn about? #scienceinmotion #research #philosophy Music thanks to: https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Scott_Holmes Some images thanks to: Some images designed by Freepik:www.freepik.com

This video looks at the recommendations and strategies for communicating with family and caregivers in the context of a persons' cancer diagnosis. These recommendations can be applied to any clinical care context. More videos coming soon. Please rate☝️, comment👇, and subscribe☝️ if you like them, so that I can make more! Please send through requests for topics to cover as well. What do you want to learn about? #scienceinmotion Content check: Courtesy of J Diggens Music thanks to: Cinematic Piano - AShamaluevMusic: https://youtu.be/6Sq5Y2HzF1c

This video provides recommendations for communicating with adolescents in the context of cancer diagnosis. These recommendations can be applied in any clinical care context. More videos coming soon. Please rate☝️, comment👇, and subscribe☝️ if you like them, so that I can make more! Please send through requests for topics to cover as well. What do you want to learn about? #scienceinmotion Content check: Courtesy of J Diggens